This volume addresses questions relating to the real and potential adverse impact of persistent pollutants in aquatic sediments. These pollutants are often the result of past discharges of atmospheric releases. While the sources have been curtailed to some extent, in-place pollutants in the sediments may, for a long time, continue to present a threat to aquatic resources and man. This threat can sometimes be diminished through different types of remedial actions. Since sediments preserve a history of inputs to aquatic systems, establishing the geochronology of these substances can help in the assessment of the effectiveness of regulatory actions and in the identification of sources. Source identification and apportionment can also be carried out by chemical mass balance modeling, both of these aspects are important for effective pollution control. All these issues are covered in Contaminated Aquatic Sediments, showing that considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the scientific and technological aspects of contaminated sediments. This work is aimed at all those interested in the research and progress made in the area of contaminated aquatic sediments.