The volume comprises 29 interdisciplinary papers presented by participants from 17 nations during a workshop held at the Natural History Museum in Berlin. Topics of major interest were the faunal changes at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, the formation and evolution of the Holocene fauna in different regions of Europe, and methodological problems. Also, single species or groups of species were considered, as were natural and anthropogenic factors in the evolution of the vertebrate fauna of Europe.