Poor people, often with no formal education, can develop technological answers to problems where professional development organisations have failed or made matters worse. Seventeen case studies are presented in this book. For example, after a period of mechanised over-fishing in the mid-sixties, the fishermen of Kerala, the poorest state in India, are restoring their shallow coastal fishing waters with artificial reefs made of tyres, anchors, coconut stumps; in fact anything that their experience has shown them will encourage fish to live and breed in their waters.