This text provides an overview of the developments since 1986 in the control of biofouling. The financial burden worldwide due to biofouling organisms is staggering. Not only must the deleterious effects of fouling organisms on structures such as piers, ships and bridges be dealt with, but the costs of the efforts to reduce, if not eliminate, the problem must also be faced. These costs are a major concern to industry and governments as well as to the individual whose livelihood may be threatened by these organisms. Topics covered include: microfouling - biology and control; macrofouling - biological and biochemical clues for control; and performance of antifouling coatings - nontoxic antifouling agents/new inhibitors, low energy and controlled release coatings and testing.