Aphidoidea forms one of the most important group of phytophagous insects because of their polymorphism, host alternating-heteroecious behaviour, reproductive habits and above all for their role as largest group of insect vectors of plant viruses. The Fauna of India and the adjacent countries in this group constitutes about 16% of the world fauna, including a large number of rare, endemic species. However, no consolidated account of Indian aphids was so far available and the present work was started in 1976 and has been so planned as to be published in several parts. The first part published in 1980 deals with an introductory chapter on Aphidoidea leading to the subfamily Chaitophorinae. The second part deals with the subfamily Lachninae, the third part deals with the subfamily Pemphiginae and the fourth part deals with the subfamilies Phloemyzinae, Anoeciinae and Hormaphidinae. This fifth part deals with the subfamily Drepanosiphinae. The entire superfamily is expected to be covered in seven separate parts. Besides taxonomic accounts, information on host plant association, association with ants, natural enemies of aphids, distribution, etc., are also provided in these parts.