Mobile phone technology is developing at an extraordinarily rapid pace and is being applied to an increasingly wide range of human activities and the environment in which we live. It brings both benefits and challenges. This report looks at the implications and applications of mobile phone technology on conservation and development initiatives in the developing world. It takes into account the integration between mobile phones and other Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), identifying ways in which mobile phones play a role in the digital divide debate. Having considered government, donor, business and NGO policies towards mobile phones and other ICTs, the report details a number of case studies where they are being applied to development and conservation work.