Physiology of Crop Production

About this book

This single volume explores the theoretical and the practical aspects of crop physiological processes around the world.

The marked decrease over the past century in the land available for crop production has brought about mounting pressure to increase crop yields, especially in developing nations. Physiology of Crop Production provides cutting-edge research and data for complete coverage of the physiology of crop production, all in one source, right at your fingertips. This valuable reference gives the extensive in-depth information soil and crop professionals need to maximize crop productivity anywhere the world. Leading soil and plant scientists and researchers clearly explain theory, practical applications, and the latest advances in the field.

Crop physiology is a vital science needed to understand crop growth and development to facilitate increases of plant yield. Physiology of Crop Production presents a wide range of information and references from varying regions of the world to make the book as complete and broadly focused as possible. Discussion in each chapter is supported by experimental data to make this book a superb resource that will be used again and again. Chapter topics include plant and root architecture, growth and yield components, photosynthesis, source-sink relationship, water use efficiency, crop yield relative to water stress, and active and passive ion transport. Several figures and tables accompany the extensive referencing to provide a detailed, in-depth look at every facet of crop production.

Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Plant Canopy Architecture Introduction Plant Height Tillering Leaf Characteristics Breeding and Management Strategies for Ideal Plant Architecture Conclusion Chapter 2. Root Architecture Introduction Root Morphology Shoot-Root Ratios Root Growth Parameters and Methods of Measurement Root Distribution in Soil Root Development Relative to Plant Growth Stage Root Characteristics Related to Drought Resistance Soil Environment Management Strategies for Maximizing Root Systems Conclusion Chapter 3. Physiology of Growth and Yield Components Introduction Theory of Growth and Yield Components Analysis Yield Components Analysis Dry Matter Production and Grain Yield Duration of Reproductive Growth Period Duration of Grain-Filling Period Management Strategies for Ideal Yield Components Conclusion Chapter 4. Photosynthesis and Crop Yield Introduction Crop Photosynthesis Canopy Photosynthesis C3 and C4 Photosynthesis Radiation Use Efficiency Leaf Area Index Partitioning of Assimilates Respiration During Photosynthesis Management Strategies for Maximizing Photosynthesis Conclusion Chapter 5. Source-Sink Relationships and Crop Yield Introduction Source-Sink Transitions Physiological Aspects of Source-Sink Relationships in Annual Crop Plants An Example of Yield Manipulation Using Source-Sink Concepts Relative to Nitrogen and Crop Development Relationship Between Sink and Respiration Formation of Yield Sinks Modification in Source-Sink Relationships with Cultivar Improvement Management Strategies for Maximizing Source-Sink Relationships Conclusion Chapter 6. Carbon Dioxide and Crop Yield Introduction Total Carbon in Soils of the World Carbon Dioxide and Plant Growth Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthesis Carbon Dioxide and Water Use Efficiency Carbon Dioxide and Radiation Use Efficiency Management Strategies in Sequestration of CO2 Conclusion Chapter 7. Physiology of Drought in Crop Plants Introduction Water Use Efficiency Crop Yield Relative to Water Stress Drought and Nutrient Acquisition Drought Resistance Mechanisms Management Strategies for Reducing Drought Conclusion Chapter 8. Physiology of Mineral Nutrition Introduction Root Morphology Active and Passive Ion Transport Ion Uptake Mechanisms Ion Absorption Measurement Ion Translocation from Roots to Shoots Physiological Functions of Nutrients Beneficial and Toxic Elements Conclusion Appendix. Plant Species References Index

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