Revision of the Subtribe Cylindroxystina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

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The Neotropical tribe Cylindroxystini is reduced to a subtribe, Cylindroxystina, of the Paederini. Cylindroxystina is distinguished from all other subtribes of the Paederinae by the sickle-shaped, edentate mandibles, nipple-shaped fourth segment of the maxillary palpus, single pair of paratergites of abdominal segment III, and cylindrical abdomen. The paratergites of segments IV to VI are absent, the tergum and sternum of each segment are fused, and the segment is cylindrical. Segment VII also lacks paratergites, but the tergum and sternum remain separate. Two genera, Cylindroxystus and Neolindus, are included in the subtribe.

For Cylindroxystus, 2 species, pluviosus and borinquense, both from the Caribbean, are transferred from Lobrathium and 11 new species are described as follows: crenus, flavus, luridus, and sinuosus from Ecuador; furvus and messus from Peru; alleni and redactus from Panama; lyrus from Venezuela; concavoperculum from Guyana; and cavus from Brazil. Cylindroxystus is distinguished from Neolindus by the third antennal segment that is cupulate or has a carina surrounding the apex. Twenty-seven new species are described in Neolindus as follows: agilis, brewsterae, densus, hamatus, lodhii, sinuatus, and unilobus from Brazil; cephalochymus from Peru; bidens, bullus, dichymus, lirellus, milleri, parallelus, procarinatus, prolatus, and retusus from Ecuador; pumicosus from Colombia; brachiatus, plectrus, and rudiculus from Venezuela; apiculus, basisinuatus, campbelli, and punctogularis from Panama; and cuneatus and incanalis from Costa Rica.

Neolindus is separated from Cylindroxystus by the presence of one or two pairs of cephalic trichobothria which are lacking in Cylindroxystus. Until now Cylindroxystus was known only by one specimen from Costa Rica, and Neolindus by a few specimens from Brazil and Peru. The subtribe is redescribed and both genera and all the species are described and illustrated and their phylogenetic relationships discussed. Keys to the males of both genera are provided. Most of the present work is based on characteristics of the male. Females were unavailable for over half of the species, and it was not always possible to reliably associate the sexes. Species of both genera have been collected rarely and most seem to have been collected from leaf litter on the forest floor at some distance from streams.

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