This book contains the first part of the extended abstracts on various issues of ecology and conservation of the butterflies of Europe presented at a Conference held in Leipzig, 5-9th of December, 2005. Sections covered are: Ecology of butterflies - Habitat requirements, Habitat models and Landscape influences; Evolutionary Biology; Distribution and Phenology; Conservation of Butterflies and Global Change - Monitoring butterflies across Europe; Population Biology and Land Use.