Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images

About this book

This comprehensive book deals primarily with reflection seismic data in the hydrocarbon industry. It brings together seismic examples from North and South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia and features contributions from eleven international authors who are experts in their field. It provides structural geological examples with full-color illustrations and explanations so that students and industry professionals can get a better understanding of what they are being taught. It also shows seismic images in black and white print and covers compression related structures.

Representing a compilation of examples for different types of geological structures, Atlas of Structural Geological Interpretation from Seismic Images is a quick guide to finding analogous structures. It provides extensive coverage of seismic expression of different geological structures, faults, folds, mobile substrates (shale and salt), tectonic and regional structures, and common pitfalls in interpretation. The book also includes an un-interpreted seismic section for every interpreted section so that readers can feel free to draw their own conclusion as per their conceptualization.

Contents

Contributors xiii
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix

1 Introduction to Seismic Data 1
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Ashok Yadav
2 Seismic Structural Analysis 15
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Soumyajit Mukherjee

Part I Faults 27
3 Normal Faults in the Crawford-Skipper Basin, East Shetland Platform, United Kingdom 29
      William Reid and Stefano Patruno
4 Normal Faults Bounding Rift Grabens in Krishna‐Godavari Basin, India 35
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
5 Bitsminda Anticline: South Kura Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt, Georgia 41
      Victor Alania, A. Chabukiani, O. Enukidze, K. Gogrichiani, Z. Mikeladze, and G. Tatishvili
6 Diffraction and Refraction Occurring in a Fault Zone in Corinth Gulf, Greece as Seen by Vertical Seismic Profiling 43
      Joachim Place, Charles Naville, and Isabelle Moretti
7 Horst Inversion Within a Décollement Zone During Extension Upper Rhine Graben, France 47
      Joachim Place, M. Diraison, Y. Géraud, and Hemin A. Koyi
8 Interpretation of a Vertical Seismic Profile Diffraction Occurring at a Basement–Sedimentary Cover Interface in the Rhine Graben, France 51
      Joachim Place and Charles Naville
9 Clara Inversion Anticline, Adriatic Sea, Italy 55
      Paolo Pace
10 Emma Inversion Structure, Adriatic Sea, Italy 61
      Paolo Pace
11 Inversion in the Umiat Basin (Part 1) National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska 65
      Paolo Pace
12 Inversion in the Umiat Basin (Part 2) National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA), North Slope, Alaska 69
      Paolo Pace
13 Complex Multiphase Inversion Tectonics in the Southern East Shetland Platform, Offshore United Kingdom 73
      Stefano Patruno and William Reid
14 Impact of Activation of a Syn‐Depositional Normal Fault on Sedimentation in Greater Mid North Sea High 77
      Stefano Patruno and William Reid
15 Imaging Normal Faults Using Dual Sensor Streamers 83
      Stefano Patruno and William Reid
16 Understanding Sinkholes Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismic Imaging in N Germany 89
      Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom
17 Post‐Earthquake Subsurface Structure for Reconstruction Planning Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismic Imaging in Banda Aceh, Indonesia 93
      Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom
18 Shallow Detachment Along a Transform Margin in Cauvery Basin, India 101
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Swagato Dasgupta
19 Normal Faulting Related to Differential Compaction on the 85°E Ridge in the Bay of Bengal, India 107
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
20 Polygonal Fault System in Late Cretaceous Sediments of Cauvery Deepwater Basin, India 113
      Swagato Dasgupta and Achyuta Ayan Misra
21 Transfer Zone Geometry in the Offshore Cauvery Basin, India 117
      Swagato Dasgupta and Abhimanyu Maitra
22 Synrift Grabens and Inversion in the Cauvery Offshore Basin on the East Coast of India 123
      Abhimanyu Maitra
23 Pull‐Apart Basin in the Offshore Cauvery–Palar Basin, India 127
      Swagato Dasgupta
24 Sedimentary Deformation Features Produced by Differential Compaction and Buoyancy in the Offshore Palar Basin, East Coast of India 131
      Swagato Dasgupta

Part II Folds 135
25 Compression Folds and a Strike‐Slip Fault in Flowing Evaporites, Red Sea 137
      Neil C. Mitchell and Marco Ligi
26 Didigori Syncline and Anticline: Kura Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt, Georgia 141
      V. Alania, A. Chabukiani, O. Enukidze, K. Gogrichiani, Z. Mikeladze, and G. Tatishvili
27 Compressional Folds in the Active North Ecuador–South Colombia Margin 143
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
28 Fault Propagation Folds in the Active North Ecuador–South Colombia Margin 151
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
29 Antiformal Stacks and Hinterland Dipping Duplexes in the North Ecuador–South Colombia Margin 155
      Achyuta Ayan Misra

Part III Mobile Substrates 161
30 Compressional Salt‐Related Structures in the Western Quele Area, Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin, China 163
      Zhenyun Wu, Hongwei Yin, and Hemin A. Koyi
31 Reactive Salt Diapir, Southern Precaspian Basin, Middle Asia 167
      Zhenyun Wu, Hongwei Yin, and Junzhang Zheng
32 Detection of Potential Slide Planes in Onshore Urban Areas Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismics 171
      Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom
33 Detection of Mobile Quick‐Clay Layers Using Shear Wave Reflection Seismics 175
      Charlotte M. Krawczyk and U. Polom
34 Growth Fault‐Thrust Belts with Single Detachment in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, India 177
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
35 Growth Fault‐Thrust Belts with Multiple Detachments in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, India 183
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
36 Growth Fault‐Thrust Belts with a Small Translation Zone in the Mumbai Offshore Basin, India 187
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
37 Growth Structures and Unconformities in the Upper Evaporites, Red Sea 191
      Neil C. Mitchell and Marco Ligi

Part IV Tectonic/Regional Structures 195
38 BABEL4: Crustal Structures of the Precambrian Svecofennian Accretionary Orogen in the Fennoscandian Shield 197
      Pekka Heikkinen and Annakaisa Korja
39 BABEL7: Crustal‐Scale Extension Associated with the Formation of the Baltic Sea Paleorift, Fennoscandian Shield 201
      Annakaisa Korja and Pekka Heikkinen
40 BABEL3&3a: Crustal‐Scale Structures of the Precambrian Svecofennian Accretionary Orogen in the Fennoscandian Shield 205
      Annakaisa Korja, Pekka Heikkinen, Timo Tiira and Kaisa Nikkilä
41 Magma‐Poor Rifting in the Indian Eastern Continental Margin 209
      Achyuta Ayan Misra
42 The Ratnagiri Fracture Zone: A Paleo Oceanic‐Fracture‐Zone in the Mumbai‐Ratnagiri Offshore Region, West India 215
      Achyuta Ayan Misra, Neeraj Sinha, and Soumyajit Mukherjee
43 Normal Faults on the Downgoing Plate in an Arc–Continent Collision at East Timor, N Timor Sea 221
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Abhimanyu Maitra
44 The Gop Rift: A Paleo Slow Spreading Centre, Offshore Gujarat, India 229
      Achyuta Ayan Misra, Neeraj Sinha, and Soumyajit Mukherjee
45 Transform Margin in the Cauvery Basin, Indian East Coast Passive Margin 235
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Swagato Dasgupta
46 Proximal and Distal Margin Examples from the Eastern Continental Passive Margin of India 241
      M. Nemčok, C. Welker, S. Sinha, M. Choudhuri, S. Sharma, S. Venkatraman, and N. Sinha
47 Distal Margin Examples from the Continental Passive Margin of Gabon 253
      M. Nemčok, C. Welker, S. Sinha, M. Choudhuri, S. Sharma, S. Venkatraman, and N. Sinha
48 Pitfalls in Interpretation 257
      Achyuta Ayan Misra and Ashok Yadav

Index 263

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