Wetland and water resources valuation has gained momentum in recent years. However, major progress still needs to be made in the application of valuation methods and their integration into decision-making. All too often direct and indirect benefits are ignored, at the expense of productive floodplains and downstream or less powerful users. This book provides 8 case studies of where economic valuation was applied and how it influenced or should have influenced decision-making. These cases are used to propose both methods for the full integration of valuation into decision-making and what economic instruments are needed to support wetland and water resource conservation.