Of the ten genera in Opiliaceae, Agonandra is the only one found in the neotropics. Hiepko`s monograph includes chapters on Agonandra`s taxonomic history, morphology, leaf and wood anatomy, pollen morphology, chemistry, seed oils, cytology, ecology, and distribution. Agonandra is distributed from Mexico through Central America and from the lower elevation areas of South America to northern Argentina. A key is provided for the ten known species of this genus. Synonymy, descriptions, distribution maps, illustrations, local names, uses, and herbarium voucher specimens are given for each of the species.