This book provides an enumeration of the faunal diversity that has been reported from the semi-arid biogeographic zone of India, encompassing a total of 7,742 species belonging to 3,693 genera and 836 families. This diversity represents 7.6% of India's overall faunal diversity (102,161 species). This group contains 220 species of protozoans, 6,435 invertebrate species, and 1,087 vertebrate species. In comparison with the country's terrestrial species diversity (81,717 species), India's semi-arid zone represents approximately 9.5%. Out of the total semi-arid fauna, the maximum number of 5,944 species are reported from Punjab Plains and 3,237 species from Gujarat Rajputana. As per the IUCN Red List (2021), 95 threatened vertebrates are distributed in this zone, including 16 Critically Endangered species, 29 Endangered species, and 50 Vulnerable species.