Geology of the Netherlands

About this book

Below the famously flat surface of the Netherlands lies a fascinating world of buried mountains and valleys, which can only be unravelled with drilling, geophysical techniques and geological understanding.

Thorough exploration for hydrocarbons, groundwater and minerals produced a wealth of data and knowledge about the Dutch subsurface and its various uses. The second edition of this book, updating the first edition published in 2007, provides access to that wealth with a thoroughly revised and updated description of the Palaeozoic to recent geology of the Netherlands, including the offshore. It covers applied geology with chapters on oil and gas, coal and peat, rock salt, groundwater, construction minerals, silica sand, underground storage and sequestration, and geothermal energy. It treats the natural and anthropogenic geohazards of seismicity and subsidence. Finally, it illustrates how data and knowledge of the Dutch subsurface are disseminated by the Geological Survey of the Netherlands, part of the research and technology organisation TNO.

Geology of the Netherlands is a comprehensive reference work for geologists, engineers, geoscience students, and all others who wish to know more about the relevance and applications of geology in the Netherlands.

Contents

Foreword / L. van Geuns
Introduction / J.H. ten Veen, G.-J. Vis, J. de Jager and Th. E. Wong
Obituary Theo Wong / S. Kroonenberg, D.K. Munsterman and W. Herngreen

1. Geological development / J. de Jager, K. van Ojik, & J. Smit
2. The geological foundation of the Netherlands: the early Carboniferous, Devonian and older / G.-J. Vis, A.J.P. Houben, T.N. Debacker, and C.R. Geel
3. Late Carboniferous / R. Huis in 't Veld and D. den Hartog Jager
4. Permian / R. Bouroullec and C.R. Geel
5. Triassic / T. McKie and B. Kilhams
6. Rhaetian to Middle Jurassic: the Altena Group / J.P. Trabucho Alexandre and Th. E. Wong
7. Late Jurassic / Early Cretaceous / R.M.C.H. Verreussel, D.K. Munsterman, R. Bouroullec and A.J.P. Houben
8. Late Cretaceous / H. Van Lochem, G.-J. Vis and J.W.M. Jagt
9. Paleogene-Neogene / D.K. Munsterman, T.H. Donders, A.J.P. Houben, J.H. ten Veen, and F.P. Wesselingh
10. Quaternary / F.S. Busschers, K. Cohen, F.P. Wesselingh, J. Schokker, M. Bakker, R. van Balen and S. van Heteren
11. Magmatism in the Netherlands: expression of the north-west European rifting history / M.J. van Bergen, G.-J. Vis, J.M. Kornneef & I. Brouwers
12. Salt Tectonics / R. Bouroullec, R. and J.H. ten Veen
13. Sediment mineralogy and geochemistry / J. Griffioen M. Felder, N. Molenaar, J. Spijker and A. Hoving
14. Petroleum Geology / G. Remmelts, S. Nelskamp,J. de Jager & M.C. Geluk
15. Peat, coal and coalbed methane / F. van Bergen & K. Koster
16. Salt Production / R. Groenenberg, M. den Hartogh, M. & P. Fokker
17. Hydrogeology / H. Verweij, W.J. Zaadnoordijk, G.H.P. Oude Essing and N. Hartog
18. Surface Mineral Resources / M.J. van der Meulen, J.J. Dijkstra, T.P.F. Koopmans, H.S. Pietersen, J. Stam and D. Maljers
19. Geothermal energy / H. Mijnlieff, L. Buijze, E. Rosendaal,F. Schoof, F., R. Vorage and J.-D. van Wees
20. Underground storage / J. Juez-Larre, R. Groenenberg, D. Dinkelman, T., Huijskes, J.M. Koornneef, S.F. van Gessel and C.F.M. Bos
21. Radioactive waste / E.A.C. Neeft, J. Bartol, M. Vuorio, M. and G.-J. Vis
22. Natural and induced seismicity / B. Dost,E. Ruigrok, J. Spetzler and P. Kruiver
23. Subsidence / P.A. Fokker, T.T. Candela, G. Erkens, R.F. Hanssen, H. Kooi, K. Koster and F.J. van Leijen
24. Geomodelling / J. Stafleu, F.S. Busschers, M.J. van der Meulen, M. den Dulk, J.L. Gunnink, D. Maljers, J.H. Hummelman, J. Schokker, R.W. Vernes, J. Stam, W. Dabekaussen, J.H. ten Veen, H. Doornenbal, H. R. Kars and R. de Bruijn

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Biography

Johan ten Veen is senior geologist at TNO–Geological Survey of the Netherlands and specialises in providing an understanding of the subsurface potential to serve the current energy transition.

Geert-Jan Vis is a geologist at TNO–Geological Survey of the Netherlands, specialised in the stratigraphy of the Netherlands and currently focused on the southeast Netherlands (South Limburg), related to his involvement in the Einstein Telescope project.

Jan de Jager is an experienced exploration geologist with a broad background in regional geology, structural geology, depositional systems and prospect evaluation.

Theo Wong was a Surinamese-Dutch geologist and part-time professor at the Anton de Kom University of Suriname. From 1986 to 2007, he worked at the Geological Survey of the Netherlands (later TNO). After retirement from the Geological Survey of the Netherlands (later TNO) and Utrecht University, he became an independent consultant in the petroleum and mining industry. Theo passed away in 2024.