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This book provides a description of how coral reefs in the Red Sea have flourished and declined over the last 50 years and the reasons behind some of these changes. The study is based on dive surveys of 30 different reef profiles along the Sudanese coast made by the author between 1971 and 1973, on which settled organisms, corals, and fish species were carefully recorded. The ten-year-old structure of Commander Cousteau's Conshelf 2 underwater project provided an opportunity to measure the growth rates of individual coral species. A series of field trips to Suakin Harbour, accompanied by renowned ichthyologist Professor J. E. Randall, added to the scope and accuracy of the fish records of that region.
These original records, created by experienced divers and drawn in situ using waterproof paper notepads, have been preserved in their original form and are invaluable historical records of the ecology of Sudanese coral reefs a half-century ago. They were made at a time when the crown-of-thorns starfish was considered the greatest threat to the world's coral reefs – before concerns of climate change, coral bleaching, and a host of other threats. They also came at a time of rapid increase in coral reef studies and our understanding of the stresses and strains controlling their development. Growth and Decay of Coral Reefs is based on the author's observations of how knowledge and perspectives have changed in the context of the Sudanese Red Sea coral reefs, and lessons learned from historical records that might help maintain and reestablish coral reefs going forward.
1. Introduction
2. Hydrography
3. Reef Conservation
4. Fish Surveys
5. Fish Recorded at Reef Sites
6. Fish in Suakin Harbour
7. Fish In Dungonab Bay
8. Fish on Cousteau’s Garage
9. Coral Habitats: Building Sites and Graveyards
10. Sea Urchins’ Impacts on Coral Reefs
11. Coral Communities
12. Corl-Killing Sponges
13. Other Coral Killers
14. Coral Bleaching
15. Growth and Distribution of Corals on Cousteau's Underwater Garage
16. Ecological Impact of CCA, Filamentous Algae and Grazing Fish
17. Sponges and Algae versus Coral
18. Port Sudan
19. Suakin Region
20. Dungonab Bay
21. MV Mani
22. Towartit Reefs
23. Mesharifa Island
24. Shambaya Island
25. Wingate Barrier Reef
26. Sanganeb Reef
27. Shaab Rumi
28. Discussion
Dr Peter Vine is a marine biologist and author with special interests in coral reef ecology, marine conservation, photography and film-making. An adjunct lecturer at the National University of Ireland, Galway, he has researched and published extensively on the Red Sea. Having established the biological feasibility of mariculture in the Red Sea, he moved back to Ireland to develop one of the country's first commercial fish farms – a move that led to a new international enterprise with activities in the USA, Europe, and the Middle East. A series of authorship commissions led to the establishment of three media companies involved in book publishing, film production and project development in support of a series of award-winning national pavilions at World Expos in Spain, China, South Korea, and Italy. Peter is married to Paula and has three daughters, Catriona, Sinead, and Megan, all of whom, with their respective partners, live and work in Ireland.
