Soil Fertility

About this book

This second edition is significantly revised and includes updated material to interest a broader audience. It is intended to serve a dual purpose: as a textbook for academic courses and as a reference book for students and practitioners.

Contents

Soil Fertility and Plant NutritionDefinition and Nature of Soil FertilityHistorical DevelopmentSoil as a Nutrient ReservoirRoot Interception and Movement of Nutrients to RootsNutrient Uptake From SoilsImportance of FertilizersCharge PropertiesConstant ChargeVariable ChargeDetermination of ChargeThe Charge of Soil Organic MatterThe Mineral Weathering Sequence and Charge DevelopmentConstant Charge 2:1 Layer PhyllosilicatesVariable Charge 1:1 Layer PhyllosilicatesVariable Charge Short-Range Order AluminosilicatesVariable Charge Oxide MineralsCharge Characteristics of SoilsIon Adsorption, Exchange, and FixationExchangeable Ion Distribution Near Charged SurfacesFactors Affecting the Cation Exchange CapacityCation Exchange Capacity of SoilsThe Effective Cation Exchange CapacityCharacteristics of Cation Exchange ReactionsThe Exchange Cations in SoilsExchangeable Cations as a Source of Plant NutrientsSpecific Cation AdsorptionAnion Adsorption and ExchangeSoils with Equal Amounts of Anion and Cation Exchange CapacitySoil ReactionDetermination of Soil pHThe Soil pH ContinuumForms of Soil AcidityReaction of Soil OrdersAtmospheric InputsEffects of Soil pH on Plant GrowthExtreme Weathering Effects on pHSoil pH ManagementThe pH Preferences of PlantsNeutralization ReactionsThe Lime RequirementLiming PracticesOther Liming MaterialsSelection of a Liming MaterialCulturally Produced Soil AciditySoil AcidificationNitrogenThe Nitrogen CycleBiological Nitrogen FixationMineralizationNitrificationImmobilizationDenitrificationAmmonium FixationSummary Statement for Soil Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Uptake by PlantsNitrogen Distribution and Cycling in EcosystemsBasis of Nitrogen Fertilizer RecommendationPhosphorusInventory of the Earth's PhosphorusPhosphorus Cycling in Soil DevelopmentPhosphorus in Fertilized Agricultural SoilsPrecipitated PhosphorusBiologically Incorporated PhosphorusSoil Organic PhosphorusPhosphorus Uptake by PlantsBasis of Phosphorus Fertilizer RecommendationsRecommendations for Phosphorus Fertilization of CropsEnvironmental Concerns of Soils High in PhosphorusPotassiumThe Soil Potassium CycleMineral Weathering Release of PotassiumPotassium FixationLeaching LossPlant and Soil Potassium RelationshipsPotassium Buffer CapacityFactors Affecting Uptake of PotassiumBasis of Potassium Fertilizer RecommendationsReplacement of Potassium by SodiumCalcium, Magnesium, Sulfur, and ChlorineCalciumMagnesiumSulfurChlorineMicronutrientsClassification of Micronutrients and Trace ElementsCopper and ZincManganese and IronBoron and MolybdenumTrace Elements that May Be ToxicMethods of Evaluating Soil Fertility for MicronutrientsMicronutrient Deficiency SymptomsNitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium FertilizersNitrogen FertilizersPhosphorus FertilizersUse of Phosphorus FertilizersFate of Applied

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